Fire extinguishers are essential first-response tools used to control and suppress different types of fires onboard ships. Each extinguisher is designed with a specific firefighting agent that targets certain classes of fire such as solid combustibles, flammable liquids, gases, metals, cooking oils, and even electrical sources.

Onboard vessels, the correct selection and proper use of a fire extinguisher can prevent a small incident from escalating into a major emergency. Understanding the types, functions, and limitations of each extinguisher ensures safe and effective response by the crew.

Types of Fire Extinguishers

Dry Powder Fire Extinguisher

This versatile extinguisher uses a fine powder that interrupts the chemical reaction of fire. It is considered an “all-rounder” because it can tackle multiple classes of fire, including flammable gases and electrical fires.

Effective For: Class A, B, C, D, K/F, Electrical fires
Best Use Onboard: Machinery spaces, engine rooms, areas with fuel, chemicals, and electrical equipment.

Foam Fire Extinguisher

Foam extinguishers work by forming a blanket over the burning surface, cooling the fire and preventing oxygen from reaching the fuel. Ideal for liquid-based fires.

Effective For: Class A and B fires
Best Use Onboard: Cargo areas, storerooms with paints/fuels, accommodation spaces.

COâ‚‚ (Carbon Dioxide) Fire Extinguisher

This extinguisher releases high-pressure COâ‚‚ gas that displaces oxygen, suffocating the fire without leaving any residue. Safe for electrical panels as it does not damage equipment.

Effective For: Class B fires, Electrical fires
Best Use Onboard: Control rooms, bridge equipment, engine control panels, electrical rooms.

Water Fire Extinguisher

Water extinguishers cool the burning material by reducing the temperature below ignition point. They are simple, effective, and environmentally friendly—but ONLY for solid combustible fires.

Effective For: Class A fires
Best Use Onboard: Storage areas with paper, wood, cloth, and other solid materials.

Warning: Never use on electrical, fuel, or grease fires.


Wet Chemical Fire Extinguisher

This extinguisher is specifically designed to fight fires involving cooking oils and fats. It works by cooling and forming a chemical layer that prevents re-ignition making it vital for galley operations.

Effective For: Class A and Class F/K fires
Best Use Onboard: Ship galleys, cooking stations, and food preparation areas.